Flat regime: exit by midpoint similarity (flatstickexit), one judgment at entry and exit (flatjudge), entry by analogy (flatanalog).
PREREG_flat_exit: NOT accepted - APS 2806 -> 3125, CHA 3220 -> 2503 (the exit is earned: APS 6897 without it). PREREG_flat_judge: NOT accepted (smoke) - APS 3009, CHA 2486: at the model's point f is small by construction, the judgment cannot tell flat from simple there. PREREG_flat_analogy: ACCEPTED with G2. Entry = unkept promise AND the (xi, phi) configuration nearer to its own past than to the line AND the pair's similarity exponent m >= 2. Projection + G2: APS 2782 -> 2780 (below Chandrupatla 2787, per problem 95/20/38 p=8e-7), CHA 3169 -> 2625, guarantee holds. Without G2: APS 2806 -> 2807 (fails by one call), CHA 2635. Simple roots are spared exactly (cost unchanged); flat families 1823 -> 1238, entry comes late. Goal (below Chandrupatla on both) NOT met: CHA 2625 vs 2441, per problem 9/6/25. Server regression x2: 1052 passed, 1 failed = the expected paper-number check. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
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@@ -593,6 +593,41 @@ def _order_split(A, FA, B, FB, m):
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return A + t * (B - A)
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def _config3(x, fx, xp, fp, xp2, fp2):
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"""The dimensionless configuration of the last three points and its two scales
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(PREREG_flat_analogy 2026-09-21): xi = where x sits between the earlier two, phi =
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where f(x) sits between their values, and |x - xp|, |fx - fp|. A linear f has
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phi = xi exactly; a pure power repeats (xi, phi) under zoom. None when undefined."""
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if xp2 is None or xp2 == xp or fp2 == fp:
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return None
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xi = (x - xp) / (xp2 - xp)
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phi = (fx - fp) / (fp2 - fp)
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if not (math.isfinite(xi) and math.isfinite(phi)):
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return None
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return xi, phi, abs(x - xp), abs(fx - fp)
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def _analogous_and_steep(cur, past):
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"""Is the configuration nearer to its own past than to the line phi = xi, and does the
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analogous pair scale like a power of order m >= 2? Two ordinal judgments and the
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flag's own break-even (1/4 = (1 - 1/2)^2 <-> m = 2); no new constant.
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Nearness: Euclidean in the (xi, phi) plane, the line by its perpendicular. Order: the
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pair shrank x by L and f by L^m, m = ln(f ratio) / ln(x ratio)."""
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if cur is None or not past:
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return False
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xi, phi = cur[0], cur[1]
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best = min(past, key=lambda q: math.hypot(xi - q[0], phi - q[1]))
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if not math.hypot(xi - best[0], phi - best[1]) < abs(phi - xi) / math.sqrt(2.0):
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return False
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if best[2] <= 0.0 or best[3] <= 0.0 or cur[2] <= 0.0 or cur[3] <= 0.0:
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return False
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lx, lf = cur[2] / best[2], cur[3] / best[3]
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if not (math.isfinite(lx) and math.isfinite(lf)) or lx == 1.0 or lf <= 0.0:
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return False
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return math.log(lf) / math.log(lx) >= 2.0
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def _local_order(x2, f2, x1, f1, x0, f0):
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"""The local order m of f, from three evaluations and nothing else.
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@@ -710,7 +745,8 @@ def pure_root(f, a, b, xtol, maxfev, similarity="ratio", scale="derived",
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if space not in SPACES:
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raise ValueError(f"unknown space {space!r}")
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if prestep not in ("none", "progress", "slope", "band", "defect", "simpair", "flat",
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"flat2", "flatcreep", "flatstick", "flatstickmid"):
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"flat2", "flatcreep", "flatstick", "flatstickmid", "flatstickexit",
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"flatjudge", "flatanalog"):
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raise ValueError(f"unknown prestep {prestep!r}")
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if prestep in ("band", "defect", "simpair") and scale not in (
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"derived3", "derived3_cap", "derived3_m", "bracket", "far"):
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@@ -766,6 +802,8 @@ def pure_root(f, a, b, xtol, maxfev, similarity="ratio", scale="derived",
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last_model = False # was the step just evaluated the model's own? (flat gate)
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unkept_run = 0 # consecutive model steps whose promise failed (flat2)
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sticky_m = None # order read at entry to the sticky flat regime (flatstick*)
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judged = 0 # flatjudge: +1 the last point looked flat, -1 linear, 0 tie
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configs = [] # flatanalog: the run's memory of (xi, phi, |dx|, |df|)
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if stats is not None:
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stats['forced'] = 0
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stats['pre_refused'] = 0
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@@ -959,22 +997,58 @@ def pure_root(f, a, b, xtol, maxfev, similarity="ratio", scale="derived",
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# late, before the crossing (flat2's failure).
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step = 0.5 * (A + B) - x
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pre_refused += 1
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if step is None and prestep in ("flatstick", "flatstickmid"):
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if step is None and prestep in ("flatstick", "flatstickmid",
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"flatstickexit"):
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# PREREG_flat_stick 2026-09-21. The same entry as "flat", but the
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# regime is a property of the root, not of one step: once the
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# promise has failed, every later step splits the bracket. The
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# single flag replaced one step and the model undershot again.
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# flatstick splits where |f| ~ |x-r|^m puts the root, m read from
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# the failed promise itself; flatstickmid halves (the ablation).
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# flatstickexit halves too, and may LEAVE the regime - see the
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# similarity judgment at the midpoint after the evaluation.
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if (sticky_m is None and last_model and f_prev != 0.0
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and fx / f_prev >= 0.25):
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sticky_m = _order_from_promise(fx / f_prev)
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if stats is not None:
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stats['stick_entries'] = stats.get('stick_entries', 0) + 1
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if sticky_m is not None:
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if prestep == "flatstick":
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step = _order_split(A, FA, B, FB, sticky_m) - x
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else:
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step = 0.5 * (A + B) - x
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pre_refused += 1
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if step is None and prestep == "flatanalog":
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# PREREG_flat_analogy 2026-09-21. A pure power is similar to itself
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# under zoom: its configuration RECURS, while a simple root's tends
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# to the line. Enter on the unkept promise only when the current
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# configuration is nearer to its own past than to the line AND the
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# analogous pair scales as a power of order >= 2. Every state the
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# gate sees joins the memory after it has been judged.
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cur = _config3(x, fx, x_prev, f_prev, x_prev2, f_prev2)
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if (sticky_m is None and last_model and f_prev != 0.0
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and fx / f_prev >= 0.25 and _analogous_and_steep(cur, configs)):
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sticky_m = math.inf
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if stats is not None:
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stats['stick_entries'] = stats.get('stick_entries', 0) + 1
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if cur is not None:
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configs.append(cur)
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if sticky_m is not None:
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step = 0.5 * (A + B) - x
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pre_refused += 1
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if step is None and prestep == "flatjudge":
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# PREREG_flat_judge 2026-09-21. Enter only when the unkept promise
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# AND the point itself looks flat (judged at its evaluation, below);
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# a simple root that trips the flag is usually judged linear there
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# and never pays for a midpoint. In the regime every step halves.
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if (sticky_m is None and last_model and f_prev != 0.0
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and fx / f_prev >= 0.25 and judged > 0):
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sticky_m = math.inf
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if stats is not None:
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stats['stick_entries'] = stats.get('stick_entries', 0) + 1
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if sticky_m is not None:
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step = 0.5 * (A + B) - x
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pre_refused += 1
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if step is None and prestep == "flat2" and unkept_run >= 2:
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# PREREG_flat_twice 2026-09-21. The same unkept promise as
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# "flat" (model step, no crossing, r >= 1/4), but only after it has
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@@ -1080,7 +1154,33 @@ def pure_root(f, a, b, xtol, maxfev, similarity="ratio", scale="derived",
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# step moved by the safeguard says nothing about the model
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last_model = model_target is not None and x_new == model_target
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w_before = abs(B - A)
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mid_now, lin_mid = 0.5 * (A + B), 0.5 * (FA + FB) # before the bracket moves
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fnew = g(x_new)
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if (prestep in ("flatstickexit", "flatanalog") and sticky_m is not None
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and x_new == mid_now
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and abs(fnew - lin_mid) < abs(fnew)):
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# PREREG_flat_exit 2026-09-21. A midpoint evaluated in the regime is judged
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# against the two predictions: a simple root (f nearly linear on the
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# bracket) puts f(M) at (FA+FB)/2, a flat approach puts it at ~0. More
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# like the linear one - the regime is left and the model steps again.
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# Ordinal: two distances compared, no threshold; a tie stays.
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sticky_m = None
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if stats is not None:
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stats['stick_exits'] = stats.get('stick_exits', 0) + 1
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if prestep == "flatjudge":
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# PREREG_flat_judge 2026-09-21. One similarity judgment, made at every new
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# point before the bracket moves: is f(x) more like the line through the
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# bracket ends (a simple root) or like 0 (a flat approach)? Weighted as
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# FA(1-t) + FB t, t in (0,1), so it cannot overflow. At a midpoint it is
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# exactly the exit judgment of flatstickexit. Ordinal, no threshold.
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t_at = (x_new - A) / (B - A)
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lin_at = FA * (1.0 - t_at) + FB * t_at
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d_lin, d_flat = abs(fnew - lin_at), abs(fnew)
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judged = 1 if d_flat < d_lin else (-1 if d_lin < d_flat else 0)
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if sticky_m is not None and x_new == mid_now and judged < 0:
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sticky_m = None
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if stats is not None:
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stats['stick_exits'] = stats.get('stick_exits', 0) + 1
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# the run of unkept promises (flat2): x, fx are still the point the step left
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if last_model and fx != 0.0 and fnew / fx >= 0.25:
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unkept_run += 1
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